For Loop Challenges

Complete the following challenges.

Palindrome

Check if a string is a palindrome. A palindrome is defined as follows:

• A group of characters that is the same forward as it is backwards
• Palindromes normally do not take into account letter casing, spaces or punctuation

Examples of some palindromes:

• Tacocat
• Hannah
• Kayak
• Never odd or even
• Rats live on no evil star
• A man, a plan, a canal - Panama!
• https://users.math.yale.edu/public_html/People/frame/Fractals/Panorama/Literature/Martin/MartinPalindrome.html

Write a program that does the following:

• Asks the user to enter in a word or phrase
• Check to see if this string is a palindrome
• If it is a palindrome, print out Yes
• Otherwise, print out No

Generate Fibonacci numbers

Fibonacci numbers are a sequence of integers where the next integer is defined as the sum of the previous two values.

The first 10 Fibonacci numbers are as follows:

1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55

Write a program that does the following:

• Asks the user to enter an integer
• Generates Fibonacci numbers out to this value

Example:

> Enter an integer: 10
> 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55

The Floyd's Triangle

Write a program to print Floyd's Triangle. Floyd's triangle, named after Robert Floyd, is a right angled triangle, which is made using natural numbers. It starts from 1 and consecutively selects the next greater number in sequence.

1
2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9 10

Write a program that does the following:

• Asks the user to enter an integer
• Generates Floyd's Triangle the given number of rows

Examples:

> Enter an integer: 2

1
2 3

> Enter an integer: 5

1
2 3
4 5 6
7 8 9 10
11 12 13 14 15

Prime Number

Write a program to determine whether a given number is prime or not. A prime number is defined as a natural number greater than 1 that cannot be formed by multiplying two smaller natural numbers. Example prime numbers: 2, 3, 5, 7, 11

The program should:

• Ask the user for a number
• Display whether the number is prime or not

Examples:

> Enter an integer: 3098191
> 3098191 is prime!

> Enter an integer: 3098192
> 3098192 is not prime.

Triangle

Write a program that prints out an ASCII-art right triangle of a given height using a for loop. The program should use the star character (*) to build the triangle.

Examples:

Enter a height: 3

*
**
***

Enter a height: 7

*
**
***
****
*****
******
*******

Sum of Digits

Write a program that calculates the sum of the digits of a given number. The user should provide the number.

Examples:

Enter a number: 12345
The sum of digits of 12345 is: 15

1+2+3+4+5=15

Enter a number: 2242
The sum of digits of 2242 is: 10

2+2+4+2=10

Sum of Series

Write a program that calculates the sum of the following series up to n terms: 1+11+111+1111+11111+... The user should input a value for n and then the program should perform the calculation.

Examples:

Enter a number: 4
1 + 11 + 111 + 1111
The sum of the series is: 1234

Enter a number: 6
1 + 11 + 111 + 1111 + 11111 + 111111
The sum of the series is: 123456

ASCII Scroll

Generate an ASCII scroll based on text the user enters. The scroll should dynamically grow based on the length of the message.

Basic Examples:

Enter a message: This is short
   ______________________________
 / \                             \.
|   |                            |.
 \_ |                            |.
    |   This is short            |.
    |   _________________________|___
    |  /                            /.
    \_/____________________________/.

Enter a message: Hello and welcome to this scroll...
   ______________________________
 / \                             \.
|   |                            |.
 \_ |                            |.
    |   Hello and welcome to t   |.
    |   his scroll...            |.
    |   _________________________|___
    |  /                            /.
    \_/____________________________/.

Enter a message: It is a period of civil war. Rebel spaceships, striking from a hidden base, have won their first victory against the evil Galactic Empire.
   ______________________________
 / \                             \.
|   |                            |.
 \_ |                            |.
    |   It is a period of civi   |.
    |   l war. Rebel spaceship   |.
    |   s, striking from a hid   |.
    |   den base, have won the   |.
    |   ir first victory again   |.
    |   st the evil Galactic E   |.
    |   mpire.                   |.
    |   _________________________|___
    |  /                            /.
    \_/____________________________/.

Challenge

When extending to an additional line, words should not split if possible. If not possible, a dash should separate words that are too long.

Examples:

Enter a message: Hello and welcome to this scroll...
   ______________________________
 / \                             \.
|   |                            |.
 \_ |                            |.
    |   Hello and welcome to     |.
    |   this scroll...           |.
    |   _________________________|___
    |  /                            /.
    \_/____________________________/.

Enter a message: It is a period of civil war. Rebel spaceships, striking from a hidden base, have won their first victory against the evil Galactic Empire.
   ______________________________
 / \                             \.
|   |                            |.
 \_ |                            |.
    |   It is a period of        |.
    |   civil war. Rebel         |.
    |   spaceships, striking     |.
    |   from a hidden base,      |.
    |   have won their first     |.
    |   victory against the      |.
    |   evil Galactic Empire.    |.
    |   _________________________|___
    |  /                            /.
    \_/____________________________/.